Troubleshooting a Network Adapter
When installing the NIC, you may encounter some problems or errors. Let’s take a look at some NIC troubleshooting.
If your network adapter is not working, the problem might be with the hardware, the driver software, or the network protocols. We discuss the Layer 3 (Network layer) issues later in this chapter in the section “Understanding TCP/IP.” The following are some common Layer 1 (Physical layer) and Layer 2 (Data Link layer) causes for network adapter problems:
Network Adapter Not on the HCL
If the device is not on the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), use your Internet resources to see if others have discovered a solution, or contact the hardware vendor for advice.
Outdated Driver
Make sure that you have the most current driver for your adapter. You can have Windows 10 check for an updated driver from the Driver tab of the Properties page for the adapter by clicking the Update Driver button and having Windows search for a better driver, or you can check for the latest driver on the hardware vendor’s website.
Network Adapter Not Recognized by Windows 10
Check Device Manager to see whether Windows 10 recognizes the adapter. If you don’t see your adapter, you can try to manually install it.
Improperly Configured Network Card
Verify that the settings for the network card are correct for the parameters known within your network and for the hardware device the machine is connected to.
Cabling Problem
Make sure that all network cables are functioning and are the correct type. This includes making sure that the connector is properly seated, the cable is straight or crossed (depending on where it’s plugged in), and the cable is not broken. This is usually done by looking at the little green light (LGL) on the network adapter card. This does not guarantee a good connection even if the LGLs are illuminated. A single conductor failure in a cable can still have a link light on, but data is not passing.
Bad Network Connection Device
Verify that all network connectivity hardware is properly working. For example, on a Fast Ethernet network, make sure the switch and port being used are functioning properly.
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