Troubleshooting IP Connectivity and Routing.
When troubleshooting IP connectivity problems across large networks, it always helps to have a network diagram handy so that you can understand the path that the traffic should take and compare it to the path that it is actually taking.
When IP packets are routed across a network, there is the potential for problems at every hop between the source and the destination, so test connectivity at each hop to determine where it is broken is the logical troubleshooting methodology.
The following could be wrong:
The following could be wrong:
• A router may not have a route to the source or destination.
• The network might have a routing loop or other routing protocol-related problem.
• A physical connectivity problem might have occurred.
• A resource problem on one router might be prohibiting proper router operation. This could possibly be caused by lack of memory, lack of buffers, or lack of CPU.
• A configuration problem might have occurred on a router.
• A software problem might have occurred on a router.
• A packet filter or firewall might be preventing traffic from passing for an IP address or protocol.
• An MTU mismatch problem might have occurred.
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